Title : Employee performance appraisal methods among health care organizations
Abstract:
Performance appraisal (PA) systems are fundamental tools within human resource management (HRM) that systematically assess employee performance and contributions toward organizational goals. In sectors like healthcare and public administration, where employee performance directly affects service quality and public welfare, the stakes are even higher. This scoping review was conducted using the JBI 2024 protocol. Articles published up to December 2024 were identified through four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were “Personnel appraisal,” “Health workers,” and “Health workforce.” Inclusion criteria focused on studies assessing employee appraisal methods in health systems. From 1245 initially identified articles, 42 met the inclusion criteria. Appraisal methods were classified into traditional and modern categories. Traditional methods included ranking, critical incidents, and graphic rating scales. Modern approaches involved 360-degree feedback, Management by Objectives (MBO), and Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS). No single appraisal method suits all healthcare environments. A hybrid approach tailored to organizational context and job roles is recommended. Emphasis should be placed on objective evaluation, customization, and rater relevance to improve performance outcomes.
Keywords: Performance Appraisal, Healthcare Workers, Human Resource Management, Scoping Review
