Title : Strengthening points of entry preparedness and public health surveillance in Libya: Lessons from a multi-sectoral capacity building initiative
Abstract:
Background: Countries experiencing high population mobility face increased risks of cross-border transmission of infectious diseases. Strengthening capacities at Points of Entry (PoE) is essential to ensure compliance with the International Health Regulations (IHR 2005), improve early detection of public health threats, and enhance national preparedness and response capacities. Libya has undertaken a series of initiatives to strengthen PoE operations, surveillance systems, and intersectoral coordination in collaboration with national and international partners.
Methods: A descriptive implementation study was conducted to document public health preparedness activities implemented at selected Points of Entry in Libya between 2024 and 2026. Activities included PoE assessments, workforce training, development of preparedness plans, establishment of coordination mechanisms, surveillance strengthening, and stakeholder engagement. Data were collected from assessment reports, training records, planning documents, and implementation reviews.
Results: Nine Points of Entry were assessed using standardized tools aligned with IHR requirements. Capacity-building activities enhanced the competencies of public health personnel in surveillance, risk assessment, outbreak response, and emergency preparedness. Coordination between health authorities, border management agencies, and international partners improved through regular meetings and joint planning exercises. Key achievements included identification of infrastructure and workforce gaps, development of priority action plans, and strengthened mechanisms for reporting and responding to public health events. Challenges included resource limitations, infrastructure constraints, and the need for sustained technical support.
Conclusion: The Libyan experience demonstrates that targeted capacity-building interventions and multisectoral collaboration can significantly strengthen PoE preparedness and surveillance systems, even in resource-constrained settings. Continued investment in workforce development, infrastructure improvement, and cross-border coordination is essential to enhance health security and preparedness for emerging public health threats.
Keywords: Points of Entry; International Health Regulations; Public Health Surveillance; Health Security; Capacity Building; Libya
