Title : The public health impacts of chronic kidney disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: A call for action
Abstract:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is emerging as a significant yet under-recognized public health challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While substantial progress has been achieved in controlling infectious diseases, the growing burden of non-communicable diseases threatens to undermine these gains. CKD prevalence in SSA has increased due to rising rates of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and persistent infectious diseases such as HIV and schistosomiasis. Despite its growing impact, CKD remains inadequately addressed within many national health systems. Health systems across SSA face several barriers in addressing CKD effectively. Limited epidemiological data, inconsistent diagnostic criteria, and low awareness among primary healthcare providers often result in late diagnosis when patients already have advanced disease. In addition, the region faces severe shortages in nephrology specialists, dialysis centers, and kidney transplantation programs. As a result, many patients do not receive timely or adequate care, leading to preventable morbidity and mortality. The economic burden of CKD further compounds the problem. In many SSA countries, dialysis and long-term treatment remain largely financed through out-of-pocket payments, placing catastrophic financial pressure on patients and their families. These costs not only affect household economic stability but also reduce national productivity and strain already limited healthcare resources. Rural and underserved communities are disproportionately affected due to weaker healthcare infrastructure and limited access to specialized care. Addressing the CKD burden in SSA requires coordinated public health action. Strengthening epidemiological surveillance systems and establishing standardized diagnostic frameworks are essential for accurately understanding disease prevalence and trends. Integrating CKD screening into primary healthcare, particularly for high-risk populations can facilitate early detection and improve outcomes. Additionally, expanding healthcare workforce capacity, improving access to affordable treatment, and prioritizing CKD within national health policies are critical steps toward reducing health disparities. Through a public health perspective, this presentation highlights the urgent need for policy reform, health system strengthening, and early prevention strategies to mitigate the growing burden of CKD in Sub-Saharan Africa.
