Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making breathing difficult. It commonly begins in childhood but can affect individuals of any age. Asthma symptoms include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, which may worsen at night or early morning. Triggers vary among individuals and often include allergens, air pollution, respiratory infections, cold air, exercise, and stress. During an asthma attack, the airway muscles tighten and excess mucus is produced, restricting airflow. Although asthma has no cure, it can be effectively managed with proper medical care. Treatment typically involves inhaled medications such as bronchodilators for quick relief and corticosteroids for long-term control. Avoiding triggers, regular monitoring, and following an asthma action plan help individuals maintain good control, prevent severe attacks, and lead active, healthy lives.
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