Kidney Diseases

Kidney Diseases refer to a range of conditions that affect the structure and function of the kidneys, which are vital for filtering waste, balancing fluids, regulating blood pressure, and maintaining electrolyte levels. Common kidney diseases include Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), acute kidney injury, glomerulonephritis, kidney stones, and inherited disorders such as polycystic kidney disease. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the leading causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Early stages of kidney disease often show few symptoms, while advanced stages may cause fatigue, swelling, changes in urination, and accumulation of toxins in the body. Early detection through routine screening and blood and urine tests is crucial for preventing progression. Management includes controlling underlying conditions, lifestyle modifications, medications, and in severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplantation. Public health efforts focus on prevention, early diagnosis, and improving access to renal care services.