Marine plastic pollution is a major environmental challenge caused by the accumulation of plastic waste in oceans and coastal ecosystems. Plastics degrade into microplastics that persist in the environment and enter marine food webs. Marine organisms ingest plastics, leading to injury, reduced reproduction, and mortality. Microplastics have also been detected in seafood, raising concerns about human health impacts. Marine plastic pollution is driven by single-use plastics, inadequate waste management, and increased plastic production. Public health and environmental responses include plastic reduction policies, recycling initiatives, biodegradable alternatives, and community education. International agreements and industry responsibility play a key role. Reducing marine plastic pollution is essential for protecting ocean health, food safety, biodiversity, and long-term environmental sustainability.
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