Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic worms transmitted through contact with freshwater contaminated by infected snails. It mainly affects populations in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water. From a public health viewpoint, schistosomiasis contributes to chronic illness, anemia, organ damage, impaired child development, and reduced productivity. The disease reflects broader social and environmental inequalities, particularly affecting rural and marginalized communities. Control and prevention strategies include mass drug administration, improved water supply and sanitation, environmental management, snail control, and health education. Integrating schistosomiasis control into primary healthcare and strengthening surveillance systems are essential for sustainable disease reduction. Addressing underlying social determinants is crucial for long-term elimination.
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